Row Houses Explained: A Complete Guide to DC's Iconic Homes

What Are Row Houses?

Row houses represent a distinctive architectural style that has shaped the urban landscape of Washington, DC for generations. A row house is typically a single-family home built sharing common walls with neighboring units, creating a uniform line of residences with consistent exterior design elements. These structures usually range from two to five stories in height and are typically 12 to 25 feet wide, making efficient use of limited urban space while providing substantial living areas.

Unlike townhouses, which may vary in height and width, traditional row houses maintain strict uniformity in their façades and rooflines, creating the distinctive "rows" that characterize historic neighborhoods throughout the District. While originally built to house single families, many larger row houses have been renovated into multiple apartments or condominiums to meet modern housing needs.

The Rich History of Row Houses in Washington, DC

Row houses became a defining feature of Washington's urban development in the 19th century. Many of the city's most iconic row houses were designed according to the vision of Major Pierre Charles L'Enfant, the urban planner who created DC's original layout for George Washington. These historic structures, particularly those within the original city boundaries, date back to the early 1800s and represent an important chapter in American architectural history.

The design of DC row houses draws influence from various architectural traditions. The tradition of connected housing originated in 16th century Dutch and Belgian styles before being adopted by English builders. By the early 18th century, British "terraced" homes inspired similar developments in America, with the first formal row houses appearing in Philadelphia around 1800. As Washington, DC grew, this efficient housing style became increasingly popular, providing affordable yet substantial homes for the city's expanding population.

Defining Characteristics of DC Row Houses

Washington's row houses display several distinctive features that set them apart:

Architectural Styles

• Federal Style: Common in older DC neighborhoods, featuring modest brick façades with simple ornamentation around doorways
• Victorian: Elaborate decorative elements, bay windows, and distinctive color schemes
• Italianate: Ornate cornices, decorative brackets, and tall windows with elaborate surrounds
• Greek Revival: Prominent columns, decorative entryways, and classical design elements

Structural Elements

• Shared Walls: Adjacent units share common side walls while maintaining structural independence
• Uniform Façades: Consistent exterior design creating visual harmony along entire blocks
• Multiple Levels: Typically two to three stories, sometimes with English basements
• Narrow Footprints: Efficient use of limited urban space with deep floor plans
• Front Stoops: Raised entryways with steps leading to the main level

Popular DC Neighborhoods for Row Houses

Washington's diverse neighborhoods showcase different eras and styles of row house architecture:

• Capitol Hill: Home to some of the city's oldest and most colorful row houses, many dating to the 19th century
• Georgetown: Historic federal-style row houses reflecting the neighborhood's colonial heritage
• Dupont Circle: Elegant Victorian and Richardsonian row houses with ornate details
• Shaw: A mix of restored historic and newly constructed row houses
• U Street Corridor: Distinctive row homes showcasing the area's rich cultural history
• Adams Morgan: Vibrant, often colorfully painted row houses reflecting neighborhood diversity

Common Row House Renovation Projects in DC

At Landis Architects and Builders, we specialize in thoughtful renovations that honor the historic character of DC row houses while incorporating modern amenities. Common renovation projects include:

Structural Modifications

• Rear Additions: Expanding living space while maintaining the historic front façade
• Vertical Additions: Adding upper levels or finishing attic spaces
• Doglegs: Filling in irregular rear portions to create more usable square footage
• Basement Conversions: Transforming below-grade spaces into comfortable living areas

Interior Upgrades

• Open Floor Plans: Removing walls to create connected living spaces
• Kitchen Modernization: Installing contemporary appliances and finishes while respecting historic elements
• Bathroom Renovations: Adding or updating bathrooms to meet modern expectations
• Energy Efficiency: Improving insulation, windows, and HVAC systems while preserving historic character

Benefits of Row House Living in Washington, DC

Row houses offer numerous advantages for urban dwellers:

• Space Efficiency: Maximum living area on minimal land footprint
• Historical Character: Distinctive architectural details and craftsmanship rarely found in newer construction
• Urban Lifestyle: Walkable neighborhoods with easy access to amenities
• Community Connection: Close-knit neighborhood feel with shared streetscapes
• Investment Value: Historic homes in established neighborhoods often appreciate steadily
• Energy Efficiency: Shared walls reduce heating and cooling costs compared to freestanding homes

Considerations for Row House Owners

While row houses offer many benefits, potential owners should consider:

• Limited Outdoor Space: Typically small rear yards with minimal front gardens
• Shared Walls: Proximity to neighbors requires thoughtful soundproofing
• Historic Restrictions: Many DC row houses fall under historic preservation guidelines
• Vertical Living: Multiple levels may present accessibility challenges
• Renovation Complexity: Updating historic structures while maintaining their character requires specialized expertise

Expert Row House Renovation with Landis Architects and Builders

At Landis Architects and Builders, we bring decades of experience to row house renovations throughout Washington, DC. Our design-build approach ensures seamless integration between architectural vision and construction reality, particularly important when working with historic structures.

Our team understands the unique challenges and opportunities presented by row house renovation. From navigating historic preservation requirements to maximizing space within tight footprints, we provide comprehensive solutions that respect architectural heritage while enhancing modern livability.

Our Row House Renovation Process

1. Initial Consultation: Understanding your specific needs and vision
2. Architectural Assessment: Evaluating the structure's condition and potential
3. Design Development: Creating plans that balance historic character with modern functionality
4. Permitting Expertise: Navigating DC's complex regulatory environment
5. Quality Construction: Executing renovations with meticulous attention to detail
6. Project Management: Coordinating all aspects for on-time, on-budget completion

Get Started With Your Row House Project

Ready to transform your Washington, DC row house? Contact Landis Architects and Builders today to schedule a consultation. Our expert team will help you explore the possibilities for your historic home while respecting its architectural integrity.

View our row house renovation portfolio to see examples of our work throughout the DC area.